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Hi there,
It's kinda a tough question but let me try to answer.
Firstly, let's compare with the question:
"Còn hai quả bưởi thì sao ạ?"- How about the two grape fruits?
The difference is the addition of "thế", which slightly changes the nuance of the sentence. It may be easier to understand if you had indicated the context.
"Thế còn hai quả bưởi thì sao ạ?"
The listener has got instructions of what to do, there is only one thing s/he is concerned about is what to do with these 2 grapefruits.
In sum, "thế" is used to ask something of the same types/kinds that you think the other person may have forgotten to mention.
Some easy examples:
A: Xin lỗi, ngày mai anh không rảnh. (Sorry I'm not free tomorrow)
B: Thế còn ngày mốt thì sao?(How about after tomorrow?)
*ngày mai- ngày mốt: same conception of time
A: Anh thích ăn bánh bèo, bánh cuốn... (I love eating banh beo, banh cuon...)
B: Thế còn bánh xèo thì sao? (How about banh xeo?)
A: Anh cũng thích (I love it too!)
*banh beo, banh cuon, banh xeo
"Thế" is also shifter for different sentences, similar to "so" or "by the way".
Eg: "Thế anh từ đâu đến?" (So where are you from?).
Hope this answers your question.
Chúc bạn một tuần vui vẻ.
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